Ocular Sarcoidosis: long term experience of an Italian referral center.
Purpose
Purpose of our work is to describe the experience of Rapallo Hospital tertiary referral center for Uveitis (Genova, Italy). We described Ocular Sarcoidosis (OS) manifestations together with our clinical and therapeutical experience in a ten-year retrospective evaluation from January 2013 to January 2023.
Methods
Data were retrospectively analyzed through a selection of electronic medical records of 245 patients (481 eyes) suffering from biopsy-proven or presumed OS, based on IWOS criteria. Among enrolled subjects, 163 were females (67.2%) and 82 males (32.8%), with a mean age of 52 (±4.7) years. 177 patients (73.2%) suffered from biopsy-proven (“definite”) OS and only 68 patients (26.8%) from a “presumed” form.
Results
78.3% of patients underwent tissue biopsy for a total of 184 biopsies. Among them, 122 (66.3%) were performed on enlarged lymph nodes, 31 (16.8%) on lungs, 15 (8.1%) on liver, 13 (7%) on skin granulomas, and 3 (1.6%) on conjunctival mucosa. Patients underwent a total body 18F-FDG PET as well. Our results showed that middle-aged females presenting with bilateral asymmetrical ocular involvement are mainly affected. S eye involvement is present at onset in one-third of subjects. According to our experience, multiple chorioretinal granulomas, retinal segmental vasculitis and panuveitis are the main ocular presentations, followed by intermediate uveitis and vitreitis, anterior uveitis with granulomatous mutton-fat keratic precipitates, iris nodules, and synechiae. Complications include cataract, glaucoma, cystoid macular edema and epiretinal membrane.
Conclusion
Long-term treatment with drugs which potentially produce side-effects and the frequent need for intra-ocular surgeries make OS a challenging disease.
Conflict of interest
No
Authors 1
Last name
RISSOTTO
Initials of first name(s)
R
Department
Eye Clinic San Paolo Hospital
City
Milan
Country
Italy
Authors 2
Last name
ALLEGRI
Initials of first name(s)
P
Department
Ocular Inflammatory Referral Center Rapallo Hospital
City
Rapallo, Genova
Country
Italy
Authors 3
Last name
RISSOTTO
Initials of first name(s)
F
Department
Uveitis Department San Raffaele Hospital
City
Milan
Country
Italy
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