Association of Diabetes Mellitus with Uveitis: A Real-World Data Analysis
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No
Purpose
To evaluate the association between type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) with the incidence of uveitis.
Methods
A retrospective cohort study utilizing the TriNetX US Collaborative Network. Patients diagnosed with T2DM or T1DM, with and without diabetic retinopathy (DR). The control group comprised non diabetic patients matched for comorbididities. Outcome Measures: Risk of uveitis in T2DM and T1DM patients, with and without DR, and in insulin and non-insulin users with T2DM, at 1-, 5-, and 10-year intervals from their time of diagnosis.
Results
At 1 year, the risk of uveitis was higher in patients with T2DM with or without DR compared to the control group ( hazard ratio [HR] of 6.054 and 1.381); this risk remained high at 5 and 10 years. In T1DM patients with retinopathy, the HR increased compared to the control group at years 1-10 (HR at 1 year: 2.274). Additionally, patients with T2DM and non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy had reduced uveitis risk compared to those with T2DM and proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) at years 1-10 (HR at 1 year: 0.339). Among T2DM, improving HbA1c mitigated uveitis risk by an HR of up to 0.630 at 1 year (95% CI: 0.448-0.887) for patients with good glycemic control compared with a very poor glycemic control baseline, with consistently reduced risk at 5-10 years.
Conclusion
T2DM are at higher risk of developing uveitis compared to non-diabetic individuals. This risk is further increased with coexisting DR and advancing stages of DR. T1DM patients with DR demonstrated increased risk for uveitis. These findings emphasize the critical need for vigilant monitoring and targeted interventions to manage ocular health complications in diabetic populations.
Conflict of interest
No
Details of conflicting interests
none
1
Last name
SALLAM
Initials of first name(s)
A
Department
Ophthalmology
City
Little Rock
Country
United States
2
Last name
Jindal
Initials of first name(s)
D
Department
Ophthalmology
City
Little Rock
Country
United States
3
Last name
Chauhan
Initials of first name(s)
MZ
Department
Ophthalmology
City
Little Rock
Country
United States
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