Clinical Profile, Fundus Fluorescein Angiogram and Swept Source Optical Coherence Tomography features of Retinal Vasculitis in a tertiary eye care centre in South India
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Purpose
To describe the clinical profile, Fundus Fluorescein Angiogram (FFA), Swept Source- Optical Coherence Tomography (SS-OCTA) findings & treatment response in patients with retinal vasculitis
Methods
Retrospective, observational case study from 2016 - 2024. All patients had Optos imaging, FFA & SS-OCTA done with tailored lab investigations. Therapy was given according to the stage & etiology of inflammation
Results
Out of136 patients, 111 were male & 25 female. Majority presented with diminution of vision (114). Seventy three patients had bilateral disease. The clinical features & FFA were suggestive of active vasculitis in 98 patients, inactive in 34, & in the rest, resolving. SS-OCTA findings correlated with FFA. Predominant features on SS-OCTA included epiretinal membrane (93), RPE atrophy (84) & macular edema (42). Complications such as vitreous hemorrhage, tractional retinal detachment & neovascular glaucoma were present in 28, 10 & 6 patients respectively. The most common etiology was Eales’ disease (Tubercular retinal vasculitis) (95), followed by Behcet’s (18). Systemic steroids were used to treat 76% of the cases. Behcet’s was treated with immunosuppressives(IS) & biologics. Sarcoidosis was treated with steroids +/- IS. Retinal lasers were given to 56% & vitreoretinal surgery in 13%. Vision was maintained in 55%, improved in 32% & worsened in the rest
Conclusion
Tubercular retinal vasculitis was the most common cause of retinal vasculitis. Systemic steroids form the mainstay of treatment. Retinal vasculitis may be the initial manifestation of several systemic diseases. SS-OCTA correlated with FFA findings in the majority
Conflict of interest
No
1
Last name
MATHEW
Initials of first name(s)
NR
Department
Uvea
City
Chennai
Country
India
2
Last name
Janakiraman
Initials of first name(s)
P
Department
Uvea
City
Chennai
Country
India
3
Last name
Biswas
Initials of first name(s)
J
Department
Uvea
City
Chennai
Country
India
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