Vision-related quality of life in patients with HIV
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Purpose
HIV infection has significant physical, mental, and social consequences. Ocular manifestations can severely affect vision and influence the quality of life (QOL). This remains understudied, particularly in India. This study evaluates ocular manifestations and vision-related QOL in patients with HIV
Methods
Sixty-one HIV-infected patients (≥18 years) from a tertiary eye care hospital were included in this prospective, observational study. The NEI VFQ-25 (National Eye Institute Visual Function Questionnaire-25) questionnaire assessed vision-related QOL. Ophthalmic evaluations and systemic data (CD4 count, HIV duration, ART status) were recorded. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS with non-parametric tests.
Results
The mean age of participants was 45 ± 12.4 years. The median HIV duration was 7.5 years (range: 2 months to 19 years), and 17% had CD4 counts <200 cells/mm³. Ocular manifestations were observed in 67% of patients, with 49% having active lesions. The median composite NEI VFQ-25 score was 74 (IQR 48, 89). Patients with ocular manifestations had significantly lower scores (p = 0.003). Central lesions led to worse QOL scores compared to peripheral lesions (p = 0.031). Moderate to severe visual impairment was linked to significantly lower scores (p = 0.001). Patients on HAART had better QOL scores than those not on ART (p = 0.049).
Conclusion
HIV-infected individuals with ocular manifestations experience significantly reduced vision-related QOL, especially with central lesions and visual impairment. ART use improves QOL. Regular ocular screening and effective management of HIV-related ocular complications are essential for improving patients' quality of life.
Conflict of interest
No
1
Last name
SRIDHARAN
Initials of first name(s)
S
Department
Medical Research Foundation, Sankara Nethralaya
City
Chennai
Country
India
2
Last name
Negiloni
Initials of first name(s)
K
Department
Medical and Vision Research Foundation, Sankara Nethralaya
City
Chennai
Country
India
3
Last name
George
Initials of first name(s)
R
Department
Medical and Vision Research Foundation, Sankara Nethralaya
City
Chennai
Country
India
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