Ocular Senescence Markers in HIV - Comparative study
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Purpose
HIV is associated with accelerated aging and ocular complications. This study aimed to investigate ocular senescence markers in people with HIV and compared them with age-matched healthy controls and age-related macular degeneration (ARMD) patients
Methods
Comparative study evaluated 100 participants categorised into 3 groups: Group A: HIV-positive individuals(n=40); on ART(n=35) and ART-naïve(n=5). Group B: Age-matched healthy controls(n=30). Group C: Individuals >60 years with signs of ARMD(n=30). All participants underwent comprehensive ophthalmic examination, specular microscopy, Pentacam HR and optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA). Right eye was analyzed unless contraindicated. Statistical analysis included non-parametric tests and Kruskal-Wallis for group comparisons
Results
Corneal endothelial cell count and density were significantly lower in the HIV group compared to ARMD(p = 0.02 and p = 0.01) but no significant difference between HIV and normal controls. HIV group had significantly lower corneal densitometry values compared to normal(p < 0.001). No significant difference was found between normal and ARMD. Retinal vessel area density, fractal dimension and skeleton density showed significant differences between HIV and ARMD groups(p < 0.05). OCTA revealed significantly lower vessel and perfusion density(p=0.03) in the HIV group compared to normal controls, particularly in inferior and nasal quadrants. Changes were more pronounced in HIV with longer disease
Conclusion
This study identifies vessel density, perfusion density and corneal endothelial cell density and function as markers of early ocular ageing in HIV. These findings highlight the need for regular ocular monitoring in HIV patients to detect early signs of ocular aging
Conflict of interest
No
Details of conflicting interests
Nil
1
Last name
SRIDHARAN
Initials of first name(s)
S
Department
Medical Research Foundation, Sankara Nethralaya
City
Chennai
Country
India
2
Last name
Nagarajan
Initials of first name(s)
R
Department
Medical and Vision Research Foundation, Sankara Nethralaya
City
Chennai
Country
India
3
Last name
Raman
Initials of first name(s)
R
Department
Medical and Vision Research Foundation, Sankara Nethralaya
City
Chennai
Country
India
4
Last name
Chatterjee
Initials of first name(s)
N
Department
Vision Research Foundation, Sankara Nethralaya
City
Chennai
Country
India
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