Risk of Giant Cell Arteritis Among Patients Presenting With Idiopathic Non-Infectious Uveitis
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Purpose
To quantify the risk of giant cell arteritis (GCA) in individuals over 50 years old who present with idiopathic non-infectious uveitis.
Methods
A retrospective analysis using the TriNetX US Network. Patients aged ≥50 years with incident idiopathic non-infectious uveitis (anterior, intermediate, or posterior/panuveitis) were identified. We excluded patients with documented infectious etiologies (e.g., herpes zoster, syphilis, tuberculosis) and autoimmune entities (e.g., sarcoidosis, Behçet’s disease, lupus). Primary outcome was the first-time diagnosis of GCA (ICD-10: M31.5 or M31.6) within 1 - 6 months following uveitis presentation.
Results
A total of 78,697 patients met inclusion criteria (mean age 72.4±9.3 years; 62% female; mean follow-up 156.71±56.49 days). Across all uveitis subtypes combined, the 6-month cumulative incidence of GCA was 0.220%. For anterior uveitis (n=56,665), GCA risk was 0.137% at 1 month, 0.167% at 3 months, and 0.200% at 6 months. Among patients with intermediate uveitis (n=2,350), the risk of GCA within each interval was 0.428% (n≤10). Posterior/panuveitis (n=19,682) had a 1-, 3-, and 6-month GCA risk of 0.210%, 0.239%, and 0.294%, respectively.Within a subgroup of uveitis patients (n=9,180) who also presented with headache, jaw claudication, or amaurosis fugax, the 6-month cumulative GCA risk rose to 1.122%.
Conclusion
Our study highlights a tangible, albeit relatively low, incidence of GCA among older adults with idiopathic non-infectious uveitis. The risk is highest during the first several months after uveitis onset and increases significantly in patients displaying hallmark systemic symptoms such as headache, jaw claudication, or amaurosis fugax
Conflict of interest
No
1
Last name
SALLAM
Initials of first name(s)
A
Department
Ophthalmology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences
City
Little Rock
Country
United States
2
Last name
Chauhan
Initials of first name(s)
MZ
Department
Ophthalmology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences
City
Little Rock
Country
United States
3
Last name
Phillips
Initials of first name(s)
P
Department
Ophthalmology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences
City
Little Rock
Country
United States
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