Profound Significance of SS-OCTA for Diagnosis of Macular Changes in Eales Disease
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Yes
Purpose
To study the macular changes in Eales disease and to determine the superiority among the three imaging modalities: Fundus Fluorescein Angiography (FFA), Swept-Source Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT), and Swept-Source OCT Angiography (SS-OCTA).
Methods
This retrospective observational study analyzed 60 eyes from 40 Eales disease patients at a single center. Best Corrected Visual Acuity (BVCA), slit lamp biomicroscopy, indirect ophthalmoscopy, CFT (Central foveal thickness), and SFCT (Sub foveal choroidal thickness) on SS-OCT were documented. Demographics, diagnostic investigations, and treatment outcomes were assessed. Macular findings from indirect ophthalmoscopy, FFA, OCT, and SS-OCTA were compared to determine the best imaging modality.
Results
Macular findings were observed in 46 out of 60 eyes (76.7%). These included epiretinal membrane (ERM) in 22 eyes, cystoid macular edema (CME) in 7 eyes, ERM with CME, lamellar macular hole (LMH) in 2 eyes, schisis in 1 eye, sub-ILM bleed in 2 eyes, neurosensory detachment (NSD) in 2 eyes, and foveal (4 eyes) or para-foveal scarring or thinning (5 eyes). Prognostic indicators such as ellipsoid zone disruption and RPE atrophy were noted on SS-OCT. ERM (60%) and CME (30%) were the most common findings. Indirect ophthalmoscopy missed 60% of macular findings, and FFA missed 87%, while SS-OCTA detected 100% of cases.
Conclusion
Although Eales disease primarily affects the peripheral retina with periphlebitis, macular changes were observed in 76.7% of eyes in our study. SS-OCTA was found to be a valuable adjunct to indirect ophthalmoscopy and FFA in assessing macular anatomical and functional integrity, which predicts visual outcomes and aids in treatment.
Conflict of interest
No
1
Last name
BISWAS
Initials of first name(s)
J
Department
Director of Uveitis & Ocular Pathology Department, Sankara Nethralaya,
City
Chennai
Country
India
2
Last name
Priya
Initials of first name(s)
P
Department
Department of Vitreoretina
City
Chennai
Country
India
3
Last name
Janakiraman
Initials of first name(s)
P
Department
Department of Uvea
City
Chennai
Country
India
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